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The perceptual magnet effect as an emergent property of neural map formation. 17 Jul 2013 lie nearer to category boundaries, a phenomenon called the perceptual magnet effect (Kuhl, 1991; Iverson and Kuhl, 1995; Kuhl et al., 2008). 15 Feb 2011 Patricia Kuhl shares astonishing findings about how babies learn one language over another -- by listening to the humans around them and 2000; JEP General, 369–398); the perceptual magnet effect (e.g. Guenther et al., 1999; JOSA, 2900–2912); and prototype-bias (Huttenlocher et al., 2000; JEP The influence of categories on perception: Explaining the perceptual magnet effect as optimal statistical inference.

Soc. Am. 97(1), 553- 561 (1995)] and (ii) to investigate neurophysiologic processes underlying the perceptual magnet effect by using the mismatch negativity (MMN) auditory evoked potential. Descriptions of categorical effects in vowels have focused primarily on the perceptual magnet effect (Kuhl, 1991). This effect was originally proposed as a within-category phe-nomenon, characterized by sounds near category centers be-ing more difﬁcult to discriminate than sounds near cate-gory edges, with an accompanying correlation between good- Kuhl et al. 1992 \Linguistic Experience Alters Phonetic Perception in Infants by 6 Months of Age" (Science, 1992) main nding: perceptual magnet e ect is con rmed location of prototypes depends on native language e ect can be observed already with infants in pre-linguistic age comparison of American (native language: AE) and Swedish infants This effect appears to arise due to linguistic experience, since 6-month-old American babies show the effect for an American vowel but not a Swedish vowel, and Swedish babies show the opposite effect (Kuhl et al., 1992). We have developed, experimentally tested, and refined a neural model that explains the perceptual magnet effect (Kuhl et al., 1992) as well as MMN (Cheour et al., 1998; Kuhl & Coffey-Corina, 2001), have demonstrated that infants exhibit language-speciﬁc perceptual sensitivities for phonetic units between 6 and 12 months of age, prior to the age that word meanings are thought to be acquired.

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Once a sound category exists in memory,. magnet effect (Kuhl, 1991), which has been described primarily in vowels. The perceptual magnet effect involves reduced discriminability of speech sounds near show a perceptual magnet effect for their native vowel category (FIG. 2c).

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av M Wass · Citerat av 29 — The children receive auditory input from their CI but their auditory perception (the sensory to be altered by their native language (Kuhl et al., 1992; Werker & Tees, 1999).

Descriptions of categorical effects in vowels have focused primarily on the perceptual magnet effect (Kuhl, 1991). This effect was originally proposed as a within-category phe-nomenon, characterized by sounds near category centers be-ing more difﬁcult to discriminate than sounds near cate-gory edges, with an accompanying correlation between good- Kuhl et al.
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IThe inﬂuence of vocal imitation suggests that the equivalence classes are constructed via social interaction (Kuhl & Meltzoff, 1996; Masataka, 2003). Objects and Aims Perceptual Magnet Effect (Kuhl, 1991, 2000; Kuhl & Iverson, 1995) L1 Categories Non-native Categories Physical spacing of sounds Warped perception tokens warped around two L1 categories non-native tokens warp around L1 category Perceptual Data that Don’t Fit in (Bohn & Best, 2012) Danish and German don’t even have the [w] evidence of a musical perceptual magnet effect (e.g., Barrett, 1998) is problematic because the effect is claimed to be based on experience (Kuhl, 1993).

According to Kuhl (1991), a magnet effect occurs when discrimination around the best exemplar of a phonetic category is worse than discrimination around a poor exemplar of the category.
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Perception, cognition, and the ontogenetic and phylogenetic emergence of human speech. The perceptual magnet effect is a phenomenon that recent investigations reveal problematic (Lively & Pisoni, 1997; Lotto, Kluender, & Holt, 1998). According to Kuhl (1991), a magnet effect occurs when discrimination around the best exemplar of a phonetic category is worse than discrimination around a poor exemplar of the category. Kuhl’s perceptual magnet effect without reporting to a specific prototype. In fact, assuming that a prototype, in Kuhl’s terms, is the center of the category distribution, the discrimination curve, discr(x0), suggests that discriminability will be lower in the neighborhood of the prototype than for stimuli falling on the main known aspects of the magnet effect, including a shrinking of perceptual space ncar phonemic category centers (Kuhl, 1991 ), an expansion of perceptual space away from centers (Kuhl, 1995), and language-specificity in this warping (Kuhl et a!., 1992).

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sug-gests that the prototype ~judged as best representative! vowel acts as a magnet drawing in vowel exemplars and increasing similarity between the magnet and other members of the cat-egory.

Perception & Psychophysics 1991, 50 (2), 93-107 Human adults and human infants show a “perceptual magnet effect” for the prototypes of speech categories, monkeys do not PATRICIA K. KUHL University of Washington, Seattle, Washington Many perceptual categories exhibit internal structure in which category prototypes play an important role.